New York Wood Pole Studies

GEI was contracted by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), with co-funding through Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation (NMPC) and Empire State Electric Energy Research Corporation (ESEERCO), to characterize the distribution of chlorinated phenols and the environmental processes involved with the natural attenuation of these compounds at in-service utility pole sites.

As an extension to a national EPRI study where over 180 poles were sampled, the New York study comprises one of the largest statewide efforts. More than 43 poles were sampled under a comprehensive field and laboratory program.

A three-dimensional soil sample grid was established from around each pole. Samples were collected by hand for pentachlorophenol (PCP), other chlorinated phenols, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), pH, cation exchange capacity, total organic carbon (TOC), and moisture content. Soil attenuation and biodegradation tests (40 CFR 796.2750 and 40 CFR 796.3400) were performed on background soils near each pole. Source concentrations for the chlorinated phenols were measured in the poles themselves. Forty-eight samples were collected and analyzed per pole, representing a grid of four depths and four concentric rings.

The attenuation and biodegradation studies were performed in the laboratory, using soil microcosm techniques in which radio-labeled surrogate compounds were mixed with these soils and carbon dioxide measurements indicated biological activity.

Findings of the New York Pole Studies are reported through EPRI technical reports and NMPC company reports. Distributions of PCP and other chlorinated phenols are well characterized with correlations established with regard to soil type, soil pH, and TOC. Microcosm studies showed that the average half-life of PCP in New York soils was less than three years. The results of this study will be used to predict the extent of PCP contamination in soil around any utility pole, and to assist utilities in deciding the best management practices with regard to utility-line maintenance.